CRITICAL MATERIALS

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    The Chemical Revolution Transforming Mineral Extraction Mining operations worldwide face mounting pressure to reimagine their relationship with chemical processes. Traditional extractive methods, developed during eras when environmental considerations held secondary importance, now confront regulatory frameworks demanding fundamental operational restructuring. The…

    Why is mining of the deep sea being proposed? What could be mined in the deep sea? The three main deposit types of interest, which form in different ways: Polymetallic nodules. The composition of nodules varies with location, but may contain manganese,…

    Critical minerals dominated headlines in 2025 as vulnerabilities across their supply chains became increasingly apparent amid rising global trade tensions. At the same time, precious metals—gold and silver—both raced to record highs as their safe-haven appeal intensified. Those narratives have…